Place Making

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To ensure that the most sustainable sites are used for development and that the design process, layout structure and form provide a development that is appropriate to the local context and supports a sustainable community.

Read the background on Place Making

Question 2.1

Objective

To ensure the most effective and efficient use of land, applying a sequential approach.

Importance: Importance

Question

How can the site be best characterised?

  1. Remediated or awaiting remediation in accordance with Environment Agency best practice guidance
  2. Previously developed land, with existing buildings on-site appropriate for re-use or refurbishment
  3. Previously developed land
  4. Undeveloped- Includes residential gardens, not green belt/ outdoor grass pitches
  5. Other: Including brownfield-rural land / Designated open space / Designated sports pitches or recreation land / Green belt / high quality agricultural land / land designated as of ecological importance / land with workable or potentially workable minerals / Environment Agency Flood Zones 2&3

Targets and Justification

Best
B or A
Good
100% of site characterised as brownfield
Minimum
Local Authority Minimum PLUS Meets indicative sub-regional targets for brownfield land and building use

Applies to Developments

This question applies to Small, Medium and Large developments.

Question 2.2

Objective

To ensure that the landscaping scheme is appropriate to the local environment whilst respecting and responding to wider local landscape characteristics.

Importance: ImportanceImportance

Question

Has a landscaping scheme been drawn up for the site – to include public open space, street scenes, public/private space boundaries and site boundaries, with landscape and ecological assets preserved and / or enhanced?

Targets and Justification

Best
Drawn up with landscape architect AND ecologist
Good
Drawn up with landscape architect OR ecologist
Minimum
Landscape Scheme Drawn Up

Applies to Developments

This question applies to Small, Medium and Large developments.

Question 2.3

Objective

To achieve visual and physical links that makes it easy to find the entrance points to the development and to navigate around and through.

Importance: ImportanceImportance

Question

Are there physical and visual links between the development and the surrounding area and is the development signage legible and the site permeable to pedestrians?

  1. Are new routes into the site continuations of existing access points from the surrounding area?
  2. How direct are sight lines of existing neighbourhood streets continued through the site?
  3. Are main routes within the site connected directly to main routes in the wider area, without feeding through existing routes with less capacity or with a primary residential function?
  4. Have the needs of the pedestrian been fully considered to achieve a permeable and legible layout?

Targets and Justification

Best
A properly structured urban design hierarchy within the masterplan
Good
A design strategy addressing all four issues
Minimum
See relevant local planning authority standard

Applies to Developments

This question applies to Small, Medium and Large developments.

Question 2.4

Objective

To create a place with a clear identity that is easy to understand and navigate.

Importance: Importance

Question

Has the development been designed to be easy for users to understand and orientate themselves in and does it promote a neighbourhood identity?

  1. Will entrances to the development and its different areas be designed as gateways?
  2. Will landmarks, including memorable buildings, be used to help users orientate themselves?
  3. Will clear views and deflected views of landmarks be created?
  4. Will corner buildings be heightened or building line altered to act as landmarks?
  5. Will nodes be emphasised through surface treatment?
  6. Will design, materials and street furniture lend themselves to support easy place navigation?

Targets and Justification

Best
Not currently identified
Good
A design strategy that addresses all the listed issues
Minimum
See relevant local planning authority standard

Applies to Developments

This question applies to Small, Medium and Large developments.

Question 2.5

Objective

To ensure that building frontages encourage pedestrian usage of streets contributing to vitality.

Importance: ImportanceImportance

Question

Will ‘Active Frontage Guidelines’ of the English Partnerships Urban Design Compendium be met in order to promote vitality?

Targets and Justification

Best
100% achieves at least Grade C frontage, 50% Grade A
Good
100% achieves at least Grade C frontage, 25% Grade A
Minimum
See relevant local planning authority standard

Applies to Developments

This question applies to Small, Medium and Large developments.

Question 2.6

Objective

To ensure that the development responds to local character whilst reinforcing its own identity.

Importance: ImportanceImportance

Question

Will the appearance of the development be visually appropriate, taking into account local character assessment, and will it complement local character whilst reinforcing local distinctiveness (e.g. materials, road pattern, etc) and being clearly integrated with the wider community?

  1. Building materials and colour complementing local character
  2. Building style and form enhancing local character
  3. Roofscapes visually respecting the developments location within a local context (allowing for low carbon technologies where appropriate)
  4. Continuity of local building details such as windows and doors
  5. Residential component of the development fostering a potential for personalisation by prospective residents
  6. Contemporary approach to reflect the local vernacular

Targets and Justification

Best
A - F or Undertake Landscape Character Assessment
Good
A - D
Minimum
See relevant local planning authority standard

Applies to Developments

This question applies to Small, Medium and Large developments.

Question 2.7

Objective

To encourage the use of Sustainable Urban Drainage (SUDS) to reduce flood risk, improve water quality and enhance biodiversity/amenity for the development and/or for the surrounding area.

Importance: ImportanceImportance

Question

Which of the following localised strategies for sustainable drainage have been proposed. Any proposed strategy must be designed in accordance with the ‘Sustainable drainage systems design manual’ published by CIRIA (C522):

  1. Prevention of runoff at source – simple design measures have been included on individual dwellings/buildings (such as minimised paved areas) to allow water to return to the natural drainage system as near to the source as possible and not to contribute to runoff.
  2. Source Control of runoff rate/volume – design measures have been included that control the rate/volume of runoff being generated close to source such as rainwater harvesting systems, green roofs and individual soakaways for dwellings.
  3. Site control of water management – water will be managed from several sub-catchments such as roofs and car parks into one large soakaway or device such as an infiltration basin. By control of potential localised flooding and or pollution, this will incorporate the enhancement of biodiversity/amenity for the development and/or its surrounding area.

Targets and Justification

Best
A, B and C
Good
A and B
Minimum
Local Authority minimum for flood impact assessment incorporated into design

Applies to Developments

This question applies to Medium and Large developments.

Question 2.8

Objective

To ensure access to high quality green space for all.

Importance: ImportanceImportance

Question

How far will the local community have to travel to reach high quality public green space?

Targets and Justification

Best
Minimum and Good practice plus ANGsT standard met with green infrastructure, such as SUDs, utilised as multifunctional public green space
Good
100% of dwellings are within 500m of designated public green space where children can play
Minimum
See relevant local planning authority standard for minimum required

Applies to Developments

This question applies to Small, Medium and Large developments.

Question 2.9

Objective

To promote outdoor recreation, health and community interaction within a planned network of green infrastructure that accomodates multifunctional public green spaces.

Importance: ImportanceImportance

Question

Is there provision of accessible green space for the new development including facilities for play?

Targets and Justification

Best
Exceeds the good practice guide's requirements, with green infrastructure, such as SUDs, utilised as multifunctional public green space (including cycle paths)
Good
Meets good practice guide "Developing accessible play space: a good practice guide"
Minimum
See relevant local planning authority standard

Applies to Developments

This question applies to Small, Medium and Large developments.

Question 2.10

Objective

To ensure that new buildings (including refurbishments of existing buildings on site) can be adapted to the demands of new uses.

Importance: ImportanceImportance

Question

Has flexibility been designed into units to provide adaptability to changing market needs?

  1. Residential units designed to Lifetime Homes Standards
  2. Optimum adaptability to future use changes in terms of building depth (9-13m)
  3. Optimum adaptability to future uses in terms of building width (5-7m frontages) or multiples of
  4. Building height allowing for vertical segregation of mixed uses
  5. Percentage of buildings designed for flexible use (25%or more)

Targets and Justification

Best
Yes to 4 or more issues
Good
Yes to 3 issues
Minimum
All homes meeting Lifetime Homes Standards

Applies to Developments

This question applies to Small, Medium and Large developments.

Question 2.11

Objective

To prevent social inequalities and foster a socially inclusive community .

Importance: Importance

Question

Is the affordable housing indistinguishable from the rest of the development in terms of house type and distribution?

Targets and Justification

Best
Affordable housing type indistinguishable and pepper potted
Good
Affordable housing distributed, (pepperpotted) across site
Minimum
See relevant local planning authority standard

Applies to Developments

This question applies to Small, Medium and Large developments.

Question 2.12

Objective

To apply design principles to increase the security of the development and to clearly define public and private space, (See table 5.1 Urban Design Compendium, p88), as part of urban design principles.

Importance: ImportanceImportance

Question

Is a design strategy in place that considers the principles of ‘Secure By Design’ or equivalent standards?

Targets and Justification

Best
Secure By Design as part of urban design principles
Good
'Secure By Design' standards met
Minimum
Specialist advisor involvement in the design process, such as a Police Architectural Liaison Officer (ALO) or Crime Reduction Design Officer (CRDO)

Applies to Developments

This question applies to Small, Medium and Large developments.

Question 2.13

Objective

To ensure that heritage or archaeologically important features are conserved or preserved if present.

Importance: ImportanceImportance

Question

What will happen to heritage/archaeologically important features and their settings, which could be affected by the development?

Targets and Justification

Best
Both are protected and enhanced either physically or through public access/interpretation
Good
Important features are protected
Minimum
See relevant local planning authority standard

Applies to Developments

This question applies to Small, Medium and Large developments.

Question 2.14

Objective

To reduce the impact of noise upon the development.

Importance: ImportanceImportance

Question

Will the site be designed to minimise the impact of noise from external sources?

Targets and Justification

Best
As Good Practice with advice from an acoustic engineer
Good
Key sources identified and design plan drawn up to mitigate against noise sources
Minimum
See relevant local planning authority standard

Applies to Developments

This question applies to Small, Medium and Large developments.

Development sizes

The checklist has been split into three different versions for different sizes of development:

Small
Up to 10 buildings
(up to 1000m²/0.5ha)
Medium
11 - 199 buildings
(up to 20000m²/10ha)
Large
200 - 5,999 dwellings
(over 20000m²/10ha)

If the development is for more than 6,000 houses, we recommend a bespoke checklist should be produced by the developer and local authority.

The set of questions for smaller developments is contained within the set of questions for larger developments.